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4. Skin diseases
Superficial fungal infections
S up erficial fun gal in fection s are ben ign in fection s of the sk in , scalp an d n ails caused
by
Candida albicans or d erm atop hytes.
Clinical features and treatment 4
Candidiasis
Candidal diaper dermatitis
E rythem a of the p erian al area w ith p erip heral d esq uam ation an d som etim es p ustules.
S econ d ary in fection m ay d evelop .
– B uttock s m ust be k ep t clean (ord in ary soap an d w ater) an d d ry.
– A void h um id ity: accord in g to th e con text, exp ose th e buttock s to air or ch an ge
d iap ers m ore freq uen tly; rem ove p lastic p an ts.
– P rotect the sk in w ith zinc oxide ointment if d iarrhoea is p resen t.
– I f d iap er d erm atitis is severe an d p ersisten t d esp ite th ese m easures, con sid er an
in testin al in fection (nystatin P O: 4 0 0 0 0 0 IU / d ay in 4 d ivid ed d oses for 2 0 d ays).
Other candidiasis
C an d id iasis of sk in fold s: miconazole 2% cream , tw ice d aily for 2 to 4 w eek s
Oral can d id iasis: see Stomatitis, p age 9 2 .
V ulvovagin al can d id iasis: see Abnormal vaginal discharge, p age 2 3 3 .
Dermatophytoses (tinea or ringworm)
D erm atop hytes cause various clin ical lesion s, d ep en d in g on the an atom ic site in volved :
scalp , glabrous (hairless) sk in , fold s or n ails. S ee follow in g p age.
103
Superficial fungal infections
S up erficial fun gal in fection s are ben ign in fection s of the sk in , scalp an d n ails caused
by
Candida albicans or d erm atop hytes.
Clinical features and treatment 4
Candidiasis
Candidal diaper dermatitis
E rythem a of the p erian al area w ith p erip heral d esq uam ation an d som etim es p ustules.
S econ d ary in fection m ay d evelop .
– B uttock s m ust be k ep t clean (ord in ary soap an d w ater) an d d ry.
– A void h um id ity: accord in g to th e con text, exp ose th e buttock s to air or ch an ge
d iap ers m ore freq uen tly; rem ove p lastic p an ts.
– P rotect the sk in w ith zinc oxide ointment if d iarrhoea is p resen t.
– I f d iap er d erm atitis is severe an d p ersisten t d esp ite th ese m easures, con sid er an
in testin al in fection (nystatin P O: 4 0 0 0 0 0 IU / d ay in 4 d ivid ed d oses for 2 0 d ays).
Other candidiasis
C an d id iasis of sk in fold s: miconazole 2% cream , tw ice d aily for 2 to 4 w eek s
Oral can d id iasis: see Stomatitis, p age 9 2 .
V ulvovagin al can d id iasis: see Abnormal vaginal discharge, p age 2 3 3 .
Dermatophytoses (tinea or ringworm)
D erm atop hytes cause various clin ical lesion s, d ep en d in g on the an atom ic site in volved :
scalp , glabrous (hairless) sk in , fold s or n ails. S ee follow in g p age.
103
